More presentations from Naina Mohamed Pakkir Maideen
vA Drug - Nutrient interaction occurs when a drug causes Malabsorption, Depletion or Retention of a nutrient.
vDrug - Nutrient interaction results in to either deficiency or toxicity of nutrients.
vThe absorption of vitamins and minerals is lowered by the use of laxatives.
vBile Acid Sequestrants such as Cholestyramine and Colestipol reduce the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K due to removal of bile acids.
vOral Contraceptives can lower the levels of vitamin B6 and folate in the body.
vDiuretics can (Furosemide, Hydrochlorothiazide ) increase the excretion of minerals through urine.
vThe levels of micronutrients like Vitamins and Minerals are affected by certain medications.
DRUG – VITAMINS Interactions
vThe drugs like Oral contraceptives, Isoniazid, Hydralazine and Penicillamine reduce the level of Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine).
vThe absorption of Vitamin B12 may be affected by the drugs such as Colchicine, Cimetidine, Famotidine and Nizatidine.
vThe drugs like Methotrexate and Barbiturates may cause malabsorption of Folate.
vThe level of Vitamin C could be reduced by Salicylates and Tetracyclines.
vThe Retinoids (Isotretinoin and Acitretin) interact with Vitamin A (Supplement) and increase the risk of toxicity (Nausea, Vomiting, Dizziness, Blurred vision, Poor muscle coordination).
vThe absorption of vitamin A might be decreased by Neomycin.
vBile Acid Sequestrants such as Cholestyramine and Colestipol reduce the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K due to removal of bile acids.
vDicumarol inhibits hypoprothrombin activity of Vitamin K.
DRUG – MINERALS Interactions
vThe serum sodium levels could be decreased by drugs such as Diuretics (Thiazides and loop), ACEIs, Li, TCAs, SSRIs, MAOIs, Opioids, Sulfonylureas, Clofibrate, Antineoplastic agents (Cisplatin), Vasopressin and Oxytocin.
vThe drugs like NSAIDs, Estrogens, Corticosteroids and Antacids with NaHCO3 may increase the risk of sodium retention.
vThe risk of hypokalemia may be increased by the drugs like Diuretics (Thiazides and loop), Amphotericin B, Bronchodilators (Terbutaline, Albuterol), Aminoglycosides (Gentamycin, Tobramycin), Corticosteroids, Digoxin, Laxatives, Li, Ethanol and Aspirin.
vThe drugs such as Potassium- sparing diuretics (Triamterene, Amiloride, Spiranolactone), Beta blockers (Atenolol, Betaxolol, Labetalol), ACEIs, ARBs and NSAIDs may increase the risk of hyperkalemia.
vHypocalcemia might be induced by drugs such as Loop diuretics, Triamterene, Aminoglycosides, Corticosteroids, Indomethacin, Thyroid hormones and Aluminium containing antacids due to increased calcium elimination.
vMalabsorption of calcium could be induced by drugs like Bile acid sequestrants (Cholestyramine, Colestipol), Corticosteroids (Prednisone), Antibiotics (Minocycline, Erythromycin, Neomycin) and Sulfonamides.
vThe drugs such as NSAIDs, Estrogens, Corticosteroids and Antacids with NaHCO3 may increase the risk of Hypercalcemia by inducing calcium retention.
vThe elimination of phosphorous and the risk of hypophosphatemia might be increased by drugs such as Antacids, Albuterol, Indomethacin, Cisplatin and Sucralfate.
vThe risk of hypomagnesemia may be elevated by the administration of drugs like Diuretics (Loop and thiazides), Albuterol, Amphotericin B, Cyclosporine, INH, Corticosteroids, Digoxin, Oral contraceptives and Ethanol.
vColchicine and overuse of laxatives may produce malabsorption of Magnesium.
vThe risk of hypermagnesemia may be increased by the drugs such as Laxatives (Epsom salts, Aluminium magnesia), Potassium sparing diuretics and Estrogens.
vThe serum levels of Iron might be decreased by drugs like Aspirin, NSAIDs, Deferoxamine and Stanozolol.
vThe drugs such as MgOH containing antacids, Cholestyramine, H2 blockers, Tetracyclines, neomycin, Penicillamine and Zinc may induce malabsorption of Iron.
vOral contraceptives may induce the retention of Iron.
v The serum levels of copper might be decreased by the administration of Penicillamine, Zidovudine, Allopurinol or Valproic acid.
vMalabsorption of Copper might be induced by drugs such as Zinc salts, H2 blockers, ACEIs and Ciprofloxacin.
vOral contraceptives may increase the risk of retention of copper.
vThe serum levels of Zinc might be decreased by drugs like Diuretics (Thiazides and loop), ACEIs, Penicillamine, Zidovudine, Tetracycline, Corticosteroids, Aspirin, Ethanol and Oral contraceptives.
vCholestyramine may induce the malabsorption of Zinc.
vThe drugs like Estrogens, Medroxyprogesterone and Methyltestosterone may increase the risk of retention of Zinc.
vGrowing children, Pregnant women, Older adults, Persons on a poor diet, Persons with serious health problems, , Persons taking two or more medications at the same time, Persons using prescription and over-the counter medications together, Persons not following medication directions, Persons taking medications for a long periods of time and Persons who drink alcohol or smoke excessively are all at more risk of developing Drug-Nutrient interactions.
