Ø Diabetes patients may take a large number of medications to treat various problems along with antidiabetics.
Ø With this amount of medicine use, the probability of drug interaction is very high.
Ø The antidiabetic drugs are classified as…
· Injectable Antidiabetics
o Insulins
o Incretin Mimetics (Exenatide, Liraglutide)
o Amylin Analogues (Pramlintide)
· Oral Antidiabetics
o Sulfonylureas (Glibenclamide, Gliclazide)
o Meglitinides (Repaglinide, Nateglinide)
o Biguanides (Metformin)
o Thiazolidinediones (Rosiglitazone, Pioglitazone)
o Alpha glucosidase Inhibitors (Acarbose, Miglitol)
o DPP 4 Inhibitors (Sitagliptin, Vildagliptin)
o Aldose reductase Inhbitors (Epalrestat)
o Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (Dapagliflozin, Canagliflozin)
Ø Concurrent therapy with a Beta blocker or Fluoroquinolone and an antidiabetic may increase the risk of hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia due to altered glucose metabolism.
Ø Excessive hypoglycemia, CNS depression, and seizures might be caused by the combination of Antidiabetics and MAO Inhibitors.
Ø The effectiveness of Antidiabetics is reduced by the coadministration of Thyroid hormones, Danazol, Glucosamine or Licorice which results into hyperglycemia.
Ø Concomitant use of Antidiabetics and Alpha lipoic acid, Bitter Melon, Fenugreek, Psyllium, Eucalyptus, Glucomannan, Gymnema, Ginseng or Guar gum may increase the risk of hypoglycemia due to additive blood glucose lowering effects.
Ø The diabetics should review their list with their doctor or pharmacist regularly, particularly when they begin to take a new medicine.
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